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Science/Tech
See other Science/Tech Articles

Title: New Way to Generate Electricity From Rain Can Power 100 LED Bulbs Per Drop
Source: [None]
URL Source: https://www.sciencealert.com/we-re- ... ing-electricity-from-raindrops
Published: Feb 17, 2020
Author: David Nield
Post Date: 2020-02-17 17:27:11 by Horse
Keywords: None
Views: 845
Comments: 6

Tapping into the water cycle and generating electricity from rainy days could be one way to grow our renewable energy use.

Until now, scientists have been unable to get water droplets to produce a significant amount of power - but we may finally have a breakthrough.

While we're still a long way from umbrellas that double up as generators, the latest approach shows there might be a way to get power from rain showers at a level of efficiency that makes these systems practical.

New research has found a method that could generate enough power from a single droplet of rain to light up 100 LED bulbs. That's a big jump forward in efficiency, in the region of several thousand times.

"Our research shows that a drop of 100 microlitres of water released from a height of 15 centimetres [5.9 inches] can generate a voltage of over 140V, and the power generated can light up 100 small LED lights," says biomedical engineer Wang Zuankai from the City University of Hong Kong (CityU).

That sounds like a surprising amount of voltage, but the engineers used some ingenious tricks to make it happen.

Scientists have been looking into this type of power production for years, but the physics of converting the energy of raindrops into electricity are much harder to do than harvesting the energy from a rising tide or a flowing stream.

One of the improvements the team built into their droplet-based electricity generator (DEG) was the use of a polytetrafluoroethylene or PTFE film, which is able to accumulate a surface charge as it's continuously hit by water droplets, until it gradually reaches saturation.

The team found that as water droplets hit the surface and spread out, the drops act as a 'bridge' that connects two electrodes: an aluminium electrode and an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode (with the PTFE on top).

rain 2(Wanghuai et al., Nature, 2020)

The droplet bridge in turn creates a closed-loop surface so that all of the collected energy can be released – droplets act as resistors, and the surface coating acts as a capacitor.

This approach could eventually be applied anywhere that water hits a solid surface, the researchers say – the hull of a boat, the inside of a water bottle, or the top of an umbrella.

"The significance of this technology is the much enhanced electric power per falling rain droplet, which makes the device much more efficient to convert energy from a falling droplet to electricity," chemist Xiao Cheng Zeng, from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, told Sarah Wells at Vice.

There's plenty of work still to do to get this ready for practical use however, with the researchers hoping to have a prototype ready in the next five years.

The research has been published in Nature.

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#1. To: Horse (#0)

enough power from a single droplet of rain to light up 100 LED bulbs

But not for very long. That water droplet's velocity after falling 15 cm is going to be about 1.7 m/s, and its kinetic energy is going to be about 144 microjoules. So even if Dr. Zeng could harvest all of the droplet's energy (impossible), and each of his 100 LED lights is a small single diode requiring say 10 mA at a forward voltage of 2 V, then his water droplet would power those lights for only about 72 microseconds. But if for his 100 LED lights he's talking about a typical screw base LED light bulb like you'd use in your kitchen -- say 10 Watts each -- then the on-time drops by a factor of 500 to only 0.14 microseconds. Don't blink.

StraitGate  posted on  2020-02-17   18:47:07 ET  Reply   Trace   Private Reply  


#2. To: StraitGate (#1)

Don't blink.

Good advice. ;)

"When bad men combine, the good must associate; else they will fall, one by one." Edmund Burke

BTP Holdings  posted on  2020-02-17   19:47:04 ET  Reply   Trace   Private Reply  


#3. To: StraitGate (#1)

the P/N junction voltage drop to illuminate a LED is 1.5 volts, say ten watts, you will need a flashlight to see how your eggs are doing. Ohm's law.


I used to be in a hurry, then I figured out I was just getting nowhere fast.

IRTorqued  posted on  2020-02-17   20:55:11 ET  Reply   Trace   Private Reply  


#4. To: StraitGate, Horse (#1)

Good to see you're far better versed in electrical science than me. I'm kindof a jack-of-all-trades, but electricity is one area where I'm not well studied.

But this line caught me:

"Our research shows that a drop of 100 microlitres of water released from a height of 15 centimetres [5.9 inches] can generate a voltage of over 140V,

Voltage is a measure of electrical pressure only, and it is not a measure of actual deliverable power. A 12 volt car battery packs a lot more power than a stun gun that can pack a few thousand volts or so. So a story advocating this method making this flawed claim is a red flag.

Pinguinite  posted on  2020-02-17   21:42:23 ET  Reply   Trace   Private Reply  


#5. To: Pinguinite (#4)

Voltage is a measure of electrical pressure only, and it is not a measure of actual deliverable power. A 12 volt car battery packs a lot more power than a stun gun that can pack a few thousand volts or so. So a story advocating this method making this flawed claim is a red flag.

Great!

Of the myriad ways that humanity can be divided, one of my favorites is this: those who understand the difference between power and energy, and those who don't.

StraitGate  posted on  2020-02-17   22:25:03 ET  Reply   Trace   Private Reply  


#6. To: StraitGate, Pinguinite (#5)

Static Electricity Carpet

Many of the common activities you perform daily may generate charges on your body that are potentially harmful to components. Some of these activities include:

a) Walking across a carpet = 1,500 to 35,000 volts
b) Walking over untreated vinyl floor = 250 to 12,000 volts
c) Worker at a bench = 700 to 6,000 volts
d) Vinyl envelope used for work instructions = 600 to 7,000 volts
e) Picking up a common plastic bag from a bench = 1,200 to 20,000 volts

Voltage is essentially meaningless until Amps are factored in. It is a factor of the two (wattage) that determines how much damage it can do. Same with water, or even air for that matter, where a single ounce concentrated into a fine stream at 1,000,000 psi could cut a person in half.

“I am not one of those weak-spirited, sappy Americans who want to be liked by all the people around them. I don’t care if people hate my guts; I assume most of them do. The important question is whether they are in a position to do anything about it. My affections, being concentrated over a few people, are not spread all over Hell in a vile attempt to placate sulky, worthless shits.” - William S Burroughs

Dakmar  posted on  2020-02-17   23:08:46 ET  Reply   Trace   Private Reply  


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