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Title: Mars rovers find new evidence of 'habitable niche'; perilous third winter approaches
Source:
Cornell
URL Source: http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/Dec07/Rover.update.html
Published: Dec 21, 2007
Author: Lauren Gold
Post Date: 2008-01-02 03:07:40 by farmfriend
Keywords: None
Views: 107
Comments: 6
By Lauren Gold Inch by power-conserving inch, drivers on Earth have moved the Mars rover Spirit to a spot where it has its best chance at surviving a third Martian winter -- and where it will celebrate its fourth anniversary (in Earth years) since bouncing down on Mars for a projected 90-day mission in January 2004. Meanwhile, researchers are considering the implications of what Cornell's Steve Squyres, principal investigator for NASA's Mars Exploration Rover mission, calls "one of the most significant" mission discoveries to date: silica-rich deposits uncovered in May by Spirit's lame front wheel that provide new evidence for a once-habitable environment in Gusev Crater. Squyres and colleagues reported the silica deposits at the annual meeting of the American Geophysical Union in early December in San Francisco. On the other side of Mars, Spirit's still-healthy twin Opportunity is creeping slowly down the inside of Victoria Crater, where layers of exposed rock are confirming findings made at the much smaller Eagle and Endurance craters -- and where deeper layers could offer new insight into the planet's history. Spirit, which has been driving backward since its right front wheel stopped turning in March 2006, was exploring near a plateau in the Gusev Crater known as Home Plate when scientists noticed that upturned soil in the wake of its dragging wheel appeared unusually bright. Measurements by the rover's alpha particle X-ray spectrometer and mini-thermal emission spectrometer showed the soil to be about 90 percent amorphous silica -- a substance associated with life-supporting environments on Earth. "This is one of the most powerful pieces of evidence for formerly habitable conditions that we have found," said Squyres, Cornell's Goldwin Smith Professor of Planetary Science, in a Dec. 11 interview with the BBC. On Earth, silica deposits are found at hot springs, where hot water dissolves silica in rock below the surface, then rises and cools, causing the silica to precipitate out near the surface; and at fumaroles, where hot acidic water or vapors seep through rock, dissolving away other elements but leaving silica behind. "Either place on Earth is teeming with microbial life," said Squyres. "So this is, either way, a representation of what in the past was a local habitable environment -- a little habitable niche on the surface of Mars." The discovery was reminiscent of Spirit's journey to winter safety last year, when it uncovered (and briefly got mired in) patches of bright soil that contained high levels of sulfur -- another possible indicator of past hydrothermal activity. Unlike last year, though, Spirit enters this Martian winter handicapped by dusty solar panels -- the result of giant dust storms in June and July. So the rover's power levels, which currently range between approximately 290 and 250 watt-hours (100 watt-hours is the amount of energy needed to light a 100-watt bulb for one hour; full power for the rovers is 800-900 watt-hours) -- could drop to dangerous levels in the dwindling winter sunlight. Spirit's perch is currently at a 15-degree tilt on the north-facing slope of the Home Plate plateau, said Jim Bell, Cornell associate professor of astronomy and leader of the mission's Pancam color camera team. As the sun moves lower in the Martian sky, drivers will nudge the rover to a steeper angle. "The fact that we've gotten to a good tilt, and we're going to get to a better tilt, is a good sign," said Bell. Still, he added, any work the rover does over the winter -- collecting Pancam images of its surroundings, for example -- will be strictly low-exertion. "Most of 2008 is going to be a quiet time for Spirit," he said. "It's really about survival."
Mars rovers find new evidence of 'habitable niche'; perilous third winter approaches
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#1. To: farmfriend (#0)
This is just my opinion based on nothing but hunch and a collection of theories heard throughout my life, but I believe Mars was quite like Earth and inhabited before it lost its atmosphere to whatever calamity befell the planet. For all we know it could have been a planetary nuclear war or a giant asteroid impact for which there is crater evidence. And I do believe it was a calamity...because I do not believe in "global warming" as proposed by the dems as some kind of unique and new man-made event. The Earth has been going through cycles for millenia and this theory is just the democrat way to achive the same fascist control as the WOT is for the republipukes.
Law Enforcement Against Prohibition "Corporation: An entity created for the legal protection of its human parasites, whose sole purpose is profit and self-perpetuation." © IndieTx What caused Mars to lose its atmosphere is the same thing that will prevent us from terra forming the planet. Mars has a solid core. When the core solidified it lost its magnetic field that protected the atmosphere. Consequently it has slowly leaked to space. Earth's climate is primarily driven by the sun. Currently there are no sun spots and a delay in cycle 24. Cycle 24 is expected to be weak and the longer the delay the weaker it will be. Expect global cooling and a decrease in CO2 since cooler temperatures will cause less outgassing by the oceans.
Which is also bad for HF ham radio operators :(
Law Enforcement Against Prohibition "Corporation: An entity created for the legal protection of its human parasites, whose sole purpose is profit and self-perpetuation." © IndieTx Ooooo look, a spot. Looks alot like a fly. LOL
"For my part, whatever anguish of spirit it may cost, I am willing to know the whole truth; to know the worst and provide for it." ~ Patrick Henry
LOL! 
"There is no 'legitimate' Corporation by virtue of it's very legal definition and purpose."
-- IndieTx
#2. To: IndieTX, critter, Original_Intent, wudidiz, twenty twelve, sorcery (#1)
(Edited)
but I believe Mars was quite like Earth and inhabited before it lost its atmosphere to whatever calamity befell the planet.
My spelling is Wobbly. It's good spelling but it Wobbles, and the letters get in the wrong places. -- Winnie the Pooh
#3. To: farmfriend (#2)
a delay in cycle 24. Cycle 24 is expected to be weak
"There is no 'legitimate' Corporation by virtue of it's very legal definition and purpose."
-- IndieTx
#4. To: IndieTX (#3)
My spelling is Wobbly. It's good spelling but it Wobbles, and the letters get in the wrong places. -- Winnie the Pooh
#5. To: farmfriend, IndieTX (#4)
a spot.
#6. To: wudidiz (#5)
Looks alot like a fly.
My spelling is Wobbly. It's good spelling but it Wobbles, and the letters get in the wrong places. -- Winnie the Pooh
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