See other Activism Articles
Title: Sarah Palin Champions Barbaric Aerial Hunting of Wolves
Source:
YouTube
URL Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGPFPBmzRrQ
Published: Sep 3, 2008
Author: defendersactionfund
Post Date: 2009-02-03 17:56:11 by FormerLurker
Keywords: Barbaric, Animal slaughter, Compassionate Conservatism, Sarah Palin
Views: 8985
Comments: 460
Post Comment Private Reply Ignore Thread
Top • Page Up • Full Thread • Page Down • Bottom/Latest
Comments (1-191) not displayed.
.
.
.
#192. To: FormerLurker, X-15, all (#190)
Horses have INCISORS, are you saying they are meat eaters? I can open a beer bottle with my teeth.
True macro evolution belief is only for die-hard believers who have gone over the edge of reality into the abyss of insanity. Do you think the Earth is the center of the Universe? Apparently you do, as you believe that all that exists revolves around you and your world. How small can you think? Creation is an ongoing process, and we can see billions of stars in this galaxy alone, each of which is a sun (in case you didn't know what a star was). Each of those stars (or suns) may well have their own planetary system, and at least a few of those planets amongst those distant solar systems could have intelligent life on them. Have you never imagined anything other than what you've been told, or beyond what you were taught to think? If it's not dictated to you by a preacher, must it be a lie or impossible? You are apparently the sort of person who clings to junk science and superstition, while at the same time throwing stones at those who speak of true science. Were you at the bottom of your class in grade school? Did you ever finish high school? You are irrational and akin to those who believed the world was supported by elephants traveling around in circles.
Hmmm. I wonder what sort of scientific name that would be, brewavore?
Monkeys don't eat meat, do they?
Huh? Is that what you and others believe, that evolution is about coyotes evolving into cows? Try looking at bird skeletons and then looking at dinosaur skeletons, they are virtually identical. That is what is meant by evolution. Same goes for dogs from wolves, elephants from wooly mammouths, etc.
To hell with horses, here's a fur coat made with tanned coyote hides: _________________________________________________________________________ Most are true herbivores, and some are opportunistic omnivores. In other words, most only eat plants and nuts, but some eat bugs, snails, etc. when or if they can find them.
Ever hear of Karma?
For most that has already happened.
God is always good!
Karma: there's a coyote out there that I'm going to kill soon. Hopefully it's hide will be all furred-up and not have any mange. Here's a representative example from my happy hunting grounds: _________________________________________________________________________ Wouldn't it be worse for someone to premeditatedly kill their own child with time to think about it. Yes it would be worse. Off topic but... Israel planned its bombardment and slaughter of Palestinians which can be seen by the fact that for 3 months prior to their attack there had been virtually no rocket attacks on Israel by anyone. .
God is always good!
You will receive that which you give, and reap what you sow.
You really do believe that crap. UNBELIEVABLE!
God is always good!
BTW, do you go into your neighbor's yards at night and poison their dogs? That picture you posted sure looks like a dead dog (German Shepard).
You really believe this single little chunk of matter is the center of the Universe. Before I had access to the Internet I thought people such as you existed in the Middle Ages, but not in the 20th century (and of course the 21st century nowadays). I thought only retards and jungle dwellers were as uneducated and totally clueless on such things. I've seen many things since I first logged onto the net, but that sort of ignorance still shocks me to this day.
Man is not the only great ape that is an omnivore and I'm not even going to bother posting science to back it up because you never look at it anyway.
There are a multitude of scientific sources that indicate man was not originally an omnivore, but has all of the physiological traits of a herbivore. I don't care what accusations you make, you're wrong.
You googled an artlcle that you thought would make your point and expect me to take it as a fact when you can't e LOL!! So sayeth you. Let me get this straight........I take it on faith while you hold your Bible up to answer all scientific inquiries. Touche on the 'use your head' tip. So, you think the Dinos were cruising around in the Garden of Eden? Must of been cramped in there. I understand that humans have a feeble concept of linear time to help them survive. Without that, our feeble little brains might snap.....but God has no such problems to contend with. Yes, there are scientific methods to date objects, artifacts, stars, galaxies. All sorts of pertinent issues that were mysteriously omitted from the Bible. According to your line of thinking the sun is still revolving around the earth since mere mathematical formulas proved this erroneous line of thinking. Sheesh, it amazes me that this notion of dating in context to the Bible continues in this day and age. It's comical. How many scientists have been deemed heretics for simply stating the truth......truth that conflicts with linear and literal interpretations of the Bible? Actually, I have the humility and faith to not put God in the same linear box that humans exit in. What is a week to God, Old Friend? What is a day? What is a moment? An eternity? Please check your Bible and get back to me. I'm not asking about human perceptions here.
Monkeys don't eat meat, do they? Most are true herbivores, and some are opportunistic omnivores. In other words, most only eat plants and nuts, but some eat bugs, snails, etc. when or if they can find them. Fruitarian Evolution: Science Fact or Science Fiction? In contrast to the extensive fossil record evidence of meat in the evolutionary diet, there is virtually no credible scientific evidence of a strict fruitarian or veg*n diet by our prehistoric human (and australopithecine) ancestors. Much much more at the link.
Actually, I have the humility and faith to not put God in the same linear box that humans exit in. What is a week to God, Old Friend? What is a day? What is a moment? An eternity? Please check your Bible and get back to me. I'm not asking about human perceptions here. Sadly, Old Friend is not alone in his misguided beliefs. If people like that were basically non-violent, it wouldn't be as troublesome of a thought...
You quote a blog site (an anti-vegan site at that) as your "scientific proof"? Find me a university that states what you believe, then perhaps I'll concede. Till then... I could list hundreds of pro-vegan sites that state the opposite of what you posted. I can also post SCIENTIFIC sources.
That's not what I was commenting on and you know it. You said "creation is an ongoing process", that is what I find so unbelievable. What is it that you think has been created lately without man doing it? Even then man is only using the resources already in existence, no new matter is being created by man. To believe in macro evolution one must believe that in enough time that the computers of today, which are much less complex than humans, could come into existence without anyone ever making them and programs for them that can do meaningful things such as edit an image could happen by pure chance without anyone actually making them. Sorry, but that kind of faith is WAY beyond my level of faith in anything, including God.
God is always good!
Oooo big assumption. You didn't read the site did you. Knew you wouldn't.
Oh and BTW, that link you posted does NOT dispute any of the physiological evidence that I mentioned, it simply beats down straw men.
It's obvious that YOU didn't, or if you did, you thought it said something that it doesn't.
New stars, planets, and life on those worlds. In fact, the very fact that life is constantly recreating itself here on THIS planet each second of each day IS Creation in Progress.
How about a pro-vegetarian site that makes the claim that humans are omnivores? Humans are Omnivores Confusion between Taxonomy and Diet Members of the mammalian Order Carnivora may or may not be exclusive meat eaters. Those which eat only meat are carnivores. Dietary adaptations are not limited by a simple dichotomy between herbivores (strict vegetarians) and carnivores (strict meat-eaters), but include frugivores (predominantly fruit), gramnivores (nuts, seeds, etc.), folivores (leaves), insectivores (carnivore- insects and small vertebrates), etc. Is is also important to remember that the relation between the form (anatomy/physiology) and function (behavior) is not always one to one. Individual anatomical structures can serve one or more functions and similar functions can be served by several forms. Omnivorism The Great Apes Gorillas are more typically vegetarian, with less emphasis on fruit. Several years ago a very elegant study was done on the relationship between body size and diet in primates (and some other mammal groups). The only primates on the list with pure diets were the very small species (which are entirely insectivorous) and the largest (which specialize in vegetarian diet). However, the spectrum of dietary preferences reflect the daily food intake needs of each body size and the relative availability of food resources in a tropical forest. Our closest relatives among the apes are the chimpanzees (i.e., anatomically, behaviorally, genetically, and evolutionarily), who frequently kill and eat other mammals (including other primates). Again more at the link.
BTW, I never said that God did not create all that exists, I simply said it did not happen the way ancient desert dwellers described it. Can't you see that Nature IS the process of Creation? Can't you understand that evolution is but a tiny piece of that Creation, and that Creation itself goes well beyond that?
LOL!! The correct amount of thinning at the correct time prevents this. It's called game management, a centuries old technique that was diligently practiced by many older civilizations as if their very lives depended on getting it right.
In fact, the very fact that life is constantly recreating itself here on THIS planet each second of each day IS Creation in Progress. I'm sorry to hear of your delusional state. Hope you get help.
God is always good!
This article was shamelessly published in the May/June 1991 edition of the Vegetarian Journal JM> There are a number of popular myths about vegetarianism that have no scientific basis in fact. JM> One of these myths is that man is naturally a vegetarian because our bodies resemble plant eaters, not carnivores. In fact we are omnivores, capable of either eating meat or plant foods. The following addresses the unscientific theory of man being only a plant eater. JM> Much of the misinformation on the issue of man's being a natural vegetarian arises from confusion between taxonomic (in biology, the procedure of classifying organisms in established categories) and dietary characteristics. JM> Members of the mammalian Order Carnivora may or may not be exclusive meat eaters. Those which eat only meat are carnivores. JM> Dietary adaptations are not limited by a simple dichotomy between herbivores (strict vegetarians) and carnivores (strict meat- eaters), but include frugivores (predominantly fruit), gramnivores (nuts, seeds, etc.), folivores (leaves), insectivores (carnivore-insects and small vertebrates), etc. Is is also important to remember that the relation between the form (anatomy/physiology) and function (behavior) is not always one to one. Individual anatomical structures can serve one or more functions and similar functions can be served by several forms. JM> The key category in the discussion of human diet is omnivores, which are defined as generalized feeders, with neither carnivore nor herbivore specializations for acquiring or processing food, and who are capable of consuming and do consume both animal protein and vegetation. They are basically *opportunistic* feeders (survive by eating what is available) with more generalized anatomical and physiological traits, especially the dentition (teeth). JM> All the available evidence indicates that the natural human diet is omnivorous and would include meat. We are not, however, required to consume animal protein. We have a choice. JM> There are very few frugivores amongst the mammals in general, and primates in particular. JM> The only apes that are predominantly fruit eaters (gibbons and siamangs) are atypical for apes in many behavioral and ecological respects and eat substantial amounts of vegetation. JM> Our closest relatives among the apes are the chimpanzees (i.e., anatomically, behaviorally, genetically, and evolutionarily), who frequently kill and eat other mammals (including other primates). JM> Once domestication of food sources began, it included both animals and plants. JM> In archeological sites, broken human molars are most often confused with broken premolars and molars of pigs, a classic omnivore. On the other hand, some herbivores have well-developed incisors that are often mistaken for those of human teeth when found in archeological excavations. JM> There is no basis in anatomy or physiology for the assumption that humans are pre-adapted to the vegetarian diet. JM> For that reason, the best arguments in support of a meat- free diet remain ecological, ethical, and health concerns. This article was originally published in the May/June 1991 edition of the Vegetarian Journal, published by: You really should face the mirror when you speak those words.
Let's put it this way. I would not believe in God before I would buy the story of macro evolution. If believing in God required believing in macro evolution then I would be an atheist.
God is always good!
BTW, do you not see the gestation of a baby, be it human, dog, or sheep, and the birth of that baby as the creation of new life? Do you not see the seed of a plant growing into a new plant itself as the work of creation? Or do you think the stork delivers those babies straight from heaven, and the farmers buy their crops at the supermarket?
Oh, and why is that?
Sure it did. Interaction of evolutionary selection pressures on the human oral system (flowchart) Overview of gut (digestive system) morphology in primates and humans Quantitative analysis of gut morphology in primates and humans On the term "omnivore," and misuse of quotes Here is the main link. A lot to read there.
In a brief glimse, it's highly apparent the author cherry picks his "sources" and does not quote much of anything, but takes an image here and there that doesn't prove a thing and writes a paragraph or two with no real proof of what he's claiming.
Genesis says God created all things in six days and then he rested on the seventh. He didn't need evolution to do that. If macro evolution were ever proven to be true, then I could longer believe in God. Macro evolution can't be proved though, of that I am sure.
God is always good!
The Comparative Anatomy of Eating by Milton R. Mills, M.D. Humans are most often described as “omnivores.” This classification is based on the “observation” that humans generally eat a wide variety of plant and animal foods. However, culture, custom and training are confounding variables when looking at human dietary practices. Thus, “observation” is not the best technique to use when trying to identify the most “natural” diet for humans. While most humans are clearly “behavioral” omnivores, the question still remains as to whether humans are anatomically suited for a diet that includes animal as well as plant foods. A better and more objective technique is to look at human anatomy and physiology. Mammals are anatomically and physiologically adapted to procure and consume particular kinds of diets. (It is common practice when examining fossils of extinct mammals to examine anatomical features to deduce the animal's probable diet.) Therefore, we can look at mammalian carnivores, herbivores (plant-eaters) and omnivores to see which anatomical and physiological features are associated with each kind of diet. Then we can look at human anatomy and physiology to see in which group we belong. Oral Cavity Carnivores have a wide mouth opening in relation to their head size. This confers obvious advantages in developing the forces used in seizing, killing and dismembering prey. Facial musculature is reduced since these muscles would hinder a wide gape, and play no part in the animal's preparation of food for swallowing. In all mammalian carnivores, the jaw joint is a simple hinge joint lying in the same plane as the teeth. This type of joint is extremely stable and acts as the pivot point for the “lever arms” formed by the upper and lower jaws. The primary muscle used for operating the jaw in carnivores is the temporalis muscle. This muscle is so massive in carnivores that it accounts for most of the bulk of the sides of the head (when you pet a dog, you are petting its temporalis muscles). The “angle” of the mandible (lower jaw) in carnivores is small. This is because the muscles (masseter and pterygoids) that attach there are of minor importance in these animals. The lower jaw of carnivores cannot move forward, and has very limited side-to-side motion. When the jaw of a carnivore closes, the blade-shaped cheek molars slide past each other to give a slicing motion that is very effective for shearing meat off bone. The teeth of a carnivore are discretely spaced so as not to trap stringy debris. The incisors are short, pointed and prong-like and are used for grasping and shredding. The canines are greatly elongated and dagger-like for stabbing, tearing and killing prey. The molars (carnassials) are flattened and triangular with jagged edges such that they function like serrated-edged blades. Because of the hinge-type joint, when a carnivore closes its jaw, the cheek teeth come together in a back-to-front fashion giving a smooth cutting motion like the blades on a pair of shears. The saliva of carnivorous animals does not contain digestive enzymes. When eating, a mammalian carnivore gorges itself rapidly and does not chew its food. Since proteolytic (protein-digesting) enzymes cannot be liberated in the mouth due to the danger of autodigestion (damaging the oral cavity), carnivores do not need to mix their food with saliva; they simply bite off huge chunks of meat and swallow them whole. According to evolutionary theory, the anatomical features consistent with an herbivorous diet represent a more recently derived condition than that of the carnivore. Herbivorous mammals have well- developed facial musculature, fleshy lips, a relatively small opening into the oral cavity and a thickened, muscular tongue. The lips aid in the movement of food into the mouth and, along with the facial (cheek) musculature and tongue, assist in the chewing of food. In herbivores, the jaw joint has moved to position above the plane of the teeth. Although this type of joint is less stable than the hinge-type joint of the carnivore, it is much more mobile and allows the complex jaw motions needed when chewing plant foods. Additionally, this type of jaw joint allows the upper and lower cheek teeth to come together along the length of the jaw more or less at once when the mouth is closed in order to form grinding platforms. (This type of joint is so important to a plant-eating animal, that it is believed to have evolved at least 15 different times in various plant- eating mammalian species.) The angle of the mandible has expanded to provide a broad area of attachment for the well-developed masseter and pterygoid muscles (these are the major muscles of chewing in plant-eating animals). The temporalis muscle is small and of minor importance. The masseter and pterygoid muscles hold the mandible in a sling- like arrangement and swing the jaw from side-to-side. Accordingly, the lower jaw of plant-eating mammals has a pronounced sideways motion when eating. This lateral movement is necessary for the grinding motion of chewing. The dentition of herbivores is quite varied depending on the kind of vegetation a particular species is adapted to eat. Although these animals differ in the types and numbers of teeth they posses, the various kinds of teeth when present, share common structural features. The incisors are broad, flattened and spade-like. Canines may be small as in horses, prominent as in hippos, pigs and some primates (these are thought to be used for defense) or absent altogether. The molars, in general, are squared and flattened on top to provide a grinding surface. The molars cannot vertically slide past one another in a shearing/slicing motion, but they do horizontally slide across one another to crush and grind. The surface features of the molars vary depending on the type of plant material the animal eats. The teeth of herbivorous animals are closely grouped so that the incisors form an efficient cropping/biting mechanism, and the upper and lower molars form extended platforms for crushing and grinding. The “walled-in” oral cavity has a lot of potential space that is realized during eating. These animals carefully and methodically chew their food, pushing the food back and forth into the grinding teeth with the tongue and cheek muscles. This thorough process is necessary to mechanically disrupt plant cell walls in order to release the digestible intracellular contents and ensure thorough mixing of this material with their saliva. This is important because the saliva of plant-eating mammals often contains carbohydrate-digesting enzymes which begin breaking down food molecules while the food is still in the mouth. Stomach and Small Intestine Striking differences between carnivores and herbivores are seen in these organs. Carnivores have a capacious simple (single- chambered) stomach. The stomach volume of a carnivore represents 60-70% of the total capacity of the digestive system. Because meat is relatively easily digested, their small intestines (where absorption of food molecules takes place) are short&151;about three to five or six times the body length. Since these animals average a kill only about once a week, a large stomach volume is advantageous because it allows the animals to quickly gorge themselves when eating, taking in as much meat as possible at one time which can then be digested later while resting. Additionally, the ability of the carnivore stomach to secrete hydrochloric acid is exceptional. Carnivores are able to keep their gastric pH down around 1-2 even with food present. This is necessary to facilitate protein breakdown and to kill the abundant dangerous bacteria often found in decaying flesh foods. Because of the relative difficulty with which various kinds of plant foods are broken down (due to large amounts of indigestible fibers), herbivores have significantly longer and in some cases, far more elaborate guts than carnivores. Herbivorous animals that consume plants containing a high proportion of cellulose must “ferment” (digest by bacterial enzyme action) their food to obtain the nutrient value. They are classified as either “ruminants” (foregut fermenters) or hindgut fermenters. The ruminants are the plant-eating animals with the celebrated multiple-chambered stomachs. Herbivorous animals that eat a diet of relatively soft vegetation do not need a multiple-chambered stomach. They typically have a simple stomach, and a long small intestine. These animals ferment the difficult-to-digest fibrous portions of their diets in their hindguts (colons). Many of these herbivores increase the sophistication and efficiency of their GI tracts by including carbohydrate-digesting enzymes in their saliva. A multiple-stomach fermentation process in an animal which consumed a diet of soft, pulpy vegetation would be energetically wasteful. Nutrients and calories would be consumed by the fermenting bacteria and protozoa before reaching the small intestine for absorption. The small intestine of plant-eating animals tends to be very long (greater than 10 times body length) to allow adequate time and space for absorption of the nutrients. Colon The large intestine (colon) of carnivores is simple and very short, as its only purposes are to absorb salt and water. It is approximately the same diameter as the small intestine and, consequently, has a limited capacity to function as a reservoir. The colon is short and non-pouched. The muscle is distributed throughout the wall, giving the colon a smooth cylindrical appearance. Although a bacterial population is present in the colon of carnivores, its activities are essentially putrefactive. In herbivorous animals, the large intestine tends to be a highly specialized organ involved in water and electrolyte absorption, vitamin production and absorption, and/or fermentation of fibrous plant materials. The colons of herbivores are usually wider than their small intestine and are relatively long. In some plant- eating mammals, the colon has a pouched appearance due to the arrangement of the muscle fibers in the intestinal wall. Additionally, in some herbivores the cecum (the first section of the colon) is quite large and serves as the primary or accessory fermentation site. What About Omnivores? One would expect an omnivore to show anatomical features which equip it to eat both animal and plant foods. According to evolutionary theory, carnivore gut structure is more primitive than herbivorous adaptations. Thus, an omnivore might be expected to be a carnivore which shows some gastrointestinal tract adaptations to an herbivorous diet. This is exactly the situation we find in the Bear, Raccoon and certain members of the Canine families. (This discussion will be limited to bears because they are, in general, representative of the anatomical omnivores.) Bears are classified as carnivores but are classic anatomical omnivores. Although they eat some animal foods, bears are primarily herbivorous with 70-80% of their diet comprised of plant foods. (The one exception is the Polar bear which lives in the frozen, vegetation poor arctic and feeds primarily on seal blubber.) Bears cannot digest fibrous vegetation well, and therefore, are highly selective feeders. Their diet is dominated by primarily succulent lent herbage, tubers and berries. Many scientists believe the reason bears hibernate is because their chief food (succulent vegetation) not available in the cold northern winters. (Interestingly, Polar bears hibernate during the summer months when seals are unavailable.) In general, bears exhibit anatomical features consistent with a carnivorous diet. The jaw joint of bears is in the same plane as the molar teeth. The temporalis muscle is massive, and the angle of the mandible is small corresponding to the limited role the pterygoid and masseter muscles play in operating the jaw. The small intestine is short (less than five times body length) like that of the pure carnivores, and the colon is simple, smooth and short. The most prominent adaptation to an herbivorous diet in bears (and other “anatomical” omnivores) is the modification of their dentition. Bears retain the peg-like incisors, large canines and shearing premolars of a carnivore; but the molars have become squared with rounded cusps for crushing and grinding. Bears have not, however, adopted the flattened, blunt nails seen in most herbivores and retain the elongated, pointed claws of a carnivore. An animal which captures, kills and eats prey must have the physical equipment which makes predation practical and efficient. Since bears include significant amounts of meat in their diet, they must retain the anatomical features that permit them to capture and kill prey animals. Hence, bears have a jaw structure, musculature and dentition which enable them to develop and apply the forces necessary to kill and dismember prey even though the majority of their diet is comprised of plant foods. Although an herbivore-style jaw joint (above the plane of the teeth) is a far more efficient joint for crushing and grinding vegetation and would potentially allow bears to exploit a wider range of plant foods in their diet, it is a much weaker joint than the hinge-style carnivore joint. The herbivore-style jaw joint is relatively easily dislocated and would not hold up well under the stresses of subduing struggling prey and/or crushing bones (nor would it allow the wide gape carnivores need). In the wild, an animal with a dislocated jaw would either soon starve to death or be eaten by something else and would, therefore, be selected against. A given species cannot adopt the weaker but more mobile and efficient herbivore-style joint until it has committed to an essentially plant-food diet test it risk jaw dislocation, death and ultimately, extinction. What About Me? The human gastrointestinal tract features the anatomical modifications consistent with an herbivorous diet. Humans have muscular lips and a small opening into the oral cavity. Many of the so- called “muscles of expression” are actually the muscles used in chewing. The muscular and agile tongue essential for eating, has adapted to use in speech and other things. The mandibular joint is flattened by a cartilaginous plate and is located well above the plane of the teeth. The temporalis muscle is reduced. The characteristic “square jaw” of adult males reflects the expanded angular process of the mandible and the enlarged masseter/pterygoid muscle group. The human mandible can move forward to engage the incisors, and side-to-side to crush and grind. Human teeth are also similar to those found in other herbivores with the exception of the canines (the canines of some of the apes are elongated and are thought to be used for display and/or defense). Our teeth are rather large and usually abut against one another. The incisors are flat and spade-like, useful for peeling, snipping and biting relatively soft materials. The canines are neither serrated nor conical, but are flattened, blunt and small and function Like incisors. The premolars and molars are squarish, flattened and nodular, and used for crushing, grinding and pulping noncoarse foods. Human saliva contains the carbohydrate-digesting enzyme, salivary amylase. This enzyme is responsible for the majority of starch digestion. The esophagus is narrow and suited to small, soft balls of thoroughly chewed food. Eating quickly, attempting to swallow a large amount of food or swallowing fibrous and/or poorly chewed food (meat is the most frequent culprit) often results in choking in humans. Man's stomach is single-chambered, but only moderately acidic. (Clinically, a person presenting with a gastric pH less than 4-5 when there is food in the stomach is cause for concern.) The stomach volume represents about 21-27% of the total volume of the human GI tract. The stomach serves as a mixing and storage chamber, mixing and liquefying ingested foodstuffs and regulating their entry into the small intestine. The human small intestine is long, averaging from 10 to 11 times the body length. (Our small intestine averages 22 to 30 feet in length. Human body size is measured from the top of the head to end of the spine and averages between two to three feet in length in normal-sized individuals.) The human colon demonstrates the pouched structure peculiar to herbivores. The distensible large intestine is larger in cross- section than the small intestine, and is relatively long. Man's colon is responsible for water and electrolyte absorption and vitamin production and absorption. There is also extensive bacterial fermentation of fibrous plant materials, with the production and absorption of significant amounts of food energy (volatile short-chain fatty acids) depending upon the fiber content of the diet. The extent to which the fermentation and absorption of metabolites takes place in the human colon has only recently begun to be investigated. In conclusion, we see that human beings have the gastrointestinal tract structure of a “committed” herbivore. Humankind does not show the mixed structural features one expects and finds in anatomical omnivores such as bears and raccoons. Thus, from comparing the gastrointestinal tract of humans to that of carnivores, herbivores and omnivores we must conclude that humankind's GI tract is designed for a purely plant-food diet. Oh, and why is that? Macro evolution does not need a God to occur. So why believe in a God when there would be no reason to do so? My faith in God is not irrational, and is minuscule compared to the faith people who believe in macro evolution have to have in order to believe it. Belief in macro evolution is irrational.
God is always good!
Comments (232 - 460) not displayed.
Top • Page Up • Full Thread • Page Down • Bottom/LatestWe have INCISORS for MEAT
"It is like a trance. So what can break a trance? The only thing that can break the trance is the light of truth."
~ Canadian Philosopher John McMurtry as he comments on the psychological warfare that has afflicted us all
#193. To: RickyJ (#187)
(Edited)
Do you REALLY believe that?
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#194. To: wudidiz (#192)
I can open a beer bottle with my teeth.
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#195. To: FormerLurker (#194)
Hmmm. I wonder what sort of scientific name that would be, brewavore?
"It is like a trance. So what can break a trance? The only thing that can break the trance is the light of truth."
~ Canadian Philosopher John McMurtry as he comments on the psychological warfare that has afflicted us all
#196. To: X-15 (#188)
coyotes have been known to get into watermelons but that doesn't mean they're evolving into cows.
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#197. To: FormerLurker (#190)
"This man is Jesus,” shouted one man, spilling his Guinness as Barack Obama began his inaugural address. “When will he come to Kenya to save us?”
-Schweizerische Schuetzenzeitung (Swiss Shooting Federation) April, 1941
#198. To: wudidiz (#195)
Monkeys don't eat meat, do they?
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#199. To: X-15 (#197)
To hell with horses, here's a fur coat made with tanned coyote hides:
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#200. To: Rotara (#116)
When we get crossover into outright worship of the Creation (versus the Creator), please ping me. ;-)
#201. To: FormerLurker (#199)
"This man is Jesus,” shouted one man, spilling his Guinness as Barack Obama began his inaugural address. “When will he come to Kenya to save us?”
-Schweizerische Schuetzenzeitung (Swiss Shooting Federation) April, 1941
#202. To: Old Friend (#121)
What about if a confused and misguided guy goes in a liquor store and kills someone in a moment of bad judgement.
#203. To: X-15 (#201)
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#204. To: FormerLurker (#193)
Creation is an ongoing process...
#205. To: X-15 (#201)
Here's a representative example from my happy hunting grounds:
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#206. To: RickyJ (#204)
(Edited)
You really do believe that crap.
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#207. To: FormerLurker (#189)
Meet the new boss, same as the old boss — The Who
#208. To: farmfriend (#207)
Man is not the only great ape that is an omnivore
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#209. To: Old Friend (#51)
My statement stands. You don't even know how they came up with these numbers. You take it on faith. Faith in man. Use your head. There can be no scientific method to determine the age of something allegedly a million years old. They weren't there and there is NO WAY IN HELL to scientifically prove any of these supposed ages in millions of years.
#210. To: FormerLurker, wudidiz (#198)
Humans have been eating meat since the dawn of the Homo genus. Humans appeared with the advent of a brand-new genus (Homo) ~2.5 million years ago. Humans evolved on the savanna-- a very different environment from the forest home of the great apes. From the very inception of our genus, humans have been eating animal foods. There is overwhelming scientific evidence to support this point. (Some of the evidence is discussed in this and the preceding section; also see Part 1 of the Paleolithic Diet vs. Vegetarianism interview series, available on this site, for additional information and citations.) The diet of some vague prehistoric frugivore that may or may not be an ancestor is irrelevant in light of the status of humans as a new genus with a different diet (i.e., eating more animal foods) and evolving in a different environmental niche.
Meet the new boss, same as the old boss — The Who
#211. To: abraxas, Old Friend (#209)
Sheesh, it amazes me that this notion of dating in context to the Bible continues in this day and age. It's comical. How many scientists have been deemed heretics for simply stating the truth......truth that conflicts with linear and literal interpretations of the Bible?
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#212. To: farmfriend (#210)
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#213. To: FormerLurker (#206)
You really believe this single little chunk of matter is the center of the Universe.
#214. To: FormerLurker (#212)
You quote a blog site (an anti-vegan site at that) as your "scientific proof"?
Meet the new boss, same as the old boss — The Who
#215. To: farmfriend (#210)
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#216. To: farmfriend (#214)
You didn't read the site did you. Knew you wouldn't.
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#217. To: RickyJ (#213)
You said "creation is an ongoing process", that is what I find so unbelievable. What is it that you think has been created lately without man doing it?
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#218. To: FormerLurker (#215)
Adapted from a talk by John McArdle, Ph.D. Introduction
There are a number of popular myths about vegetarianism that have no scientific basis in fact. One of these myths is that man is naturally a vegetarian because our bodies resemble plant eaters, not carnivores. In fact we are omnivores, capable of either eating meat or plant foods. The following addresses the unscientific theory of man being only a plant eater.
Much of the misinformation on the issue of man's being a natural vegetarian arises from confusion between taxonomic (in biology, the procedure of classifying organisms in established categories) and dietary characteristics.
The key category in the discussion of human diet is omnivores, which are defined as generalized feeders, with neither carnivore nor herbivore specializations for acquiring or processing food, and who are capable of consuming and do consume both animal protein and vegetation. They are basically *opportunistic* feeders (survive by eating what is available) with more generalized anatomical and physiological traits, especially the dentition (teeth). All the available evidence indicates that the natural human diet is omnivorous and would include meat. We are not, however, required to consume animal protein. We have a choice.
There are very few frugivores amongst the mammals in general, and primates in particular. The only apes that are predominantly fruit eaters (gibbons and siamangs) are atypical for apes in many behavioral and ecological respects and eat substantial amounts of vegetation. Orangutans are similar, with no observations in the wild of eating meat.
Meet the new boss, same as the old boss — The Who
#219. To: RickyJ (#213)
To believe in macro evolution one must believe that in enough time that the computers of today, which are much less complex than humans, could come into existence without anyone ever making them and programs for them that can do meaningful things such as edit an image could happen by pure chance without anyone actually making them.
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#220. To: FormerLurker (#163)
Hence leading to an over population of other animals, leading to death by starvation as THEIR food supplies dwindle.
#221. To: FormerLurker (#217)
New stars, planets, and life on those worlds.
#222. To: farmfriend (#218)
Humans are Omnivores
Adapted from a talk by John McArdle, Ph.D. A rational critique of:
Humans are Omnivores
Adapted from a talk by vivisectionist John McArdle, Ph.D.Introduction
And, unfortunately, there are many more annoyingly-popular pseudo-scientific myths, masquerading as science, that humans are "omnivores"; those in this article will be refuted.
We will find that JM consistently fails to support his thesis with real science by erroneously substituting cultural practices for scientific facts and conclusions, the most common and fatal error of those falsely claiming than humans are "omnivores". Confusion between Taxonomy and Diet
Right, these 'classifications' are Linnaean nomenclature which is archaic, out-of-date, and based on insignificant, fragmentary fossilized data alleging to track the human lineage, which should be completely overhauled in light of modern genetic research. JM, a claimed "anatomist and primatologist" at the PhD level, should be aware of this critical fact, and the profound differences between Nature and culture, but we will see that he is not, much to his own embarrassment.
This is the crux of the matter: "you will see that taxonomy is more of an art than a science", "that there isn't even solid agreement on which species belong in which orders", "A little confusion is probably a good thing to learn to accept when it comes to classifying animals."
So, we see that this non-science and confusion dominate JM's faulty presentation, and it is a primary cause for his false conclusion that "Humans are Omnivores". In fact, search as you will, there is no taxonomical classification as "omnivore".
A little truth has leaked out. These 'classifications' are mere conveniences, not strictly defined in a reasonable, rigorous, scientific manner.Omnivorism
Notice, there is NO useful, meaningful, or even vaguely-scientific anatomical/physiological/biochemical definition of "omnivore", and JM foolishly ignores the inescapable fact that humans are totally incapable of killing, tearing asunder, and consuming raw their prey with their natural, biological equipment, as ALL natural omnivores do! In fact, I have challenged people who adamantly claim that they are "omnivores" for over 35 years to prove they are natural "omnivores" by simply killing and eating raw a small animal with their natural equipment, and none has ever done so to actually test their irrational belief. Not one!
JM has made the all-to-common and fatal error in his totally unscientific and unsupportable claims by confusing Nature and culture; a grievous error which most grade school children would not make. Humans are clearly not natural "omnivores". Some are cultural "omnivores", and indeed must rely on cultural artifacts to raise, kill, butcher, cook, disguise with seasonings, cut up, and finally consume their animal prey. Again, the false definition rests on the phrase "capable of consuming"; however, humans have no natural capability to do so. If they did, they would. Thus, relying on an absurd false definition, JM inevitably and inescapably comes to a false conclusion.
Another insight into the falsity of this concept rests in the mistaken confusion, and proposed false-identity, of the verbs: to be, and to do. Being refers to our genetic code and its consequences, while doing is totally unrelated and a consequence of cultural programming.
Let's examine JM's muddled "thinking" a bit to see how completely absurd, and perhaps intentionally- misleading, the "capable" definition really is.
Humans are "capable" of flying through the air; that makes us birds or flying insects, right?
Humans are "capable" of traveling under water; that makes us fish or sea worms, right?
Humans are "capable" of tunneling through the earth; that makes us earthworms or moles, right?
Another unintentional admission that we are not natural omnivores; we have a choice; animals, however, do not have any choices, they rely on their genetically-programmed instincts to kill and eat animal prey. Humans have no instincts to do so, in spite of the foolish claims of various Instincto cults. Choices are cultural, not instinctual. How can someone with even a trivial education not understand the profound difference between culture and Nature?The Great Apes
Totally irrelevant, we are apes, not "mammals in general" nor random primates. Actually, we are Pongidae, only the horrendous human ego has chosen to elevate ourselves to another, exclusively ours, thus false classification. With a genetic difference of a mere ~1.6% from the chimp, our closest genetic relative, it should be obvious that our diet should be essentially that of the chimp. Clearly, the genetic distances from various, scientifically- indefinable natural "omnivores" would be much more, thus, again, refuting JM's unsupportable claim of "humans are omnivores".
Whoops - chimps are frugivorous, eating mostly fruit when available, and falling back on leaves when sufficient fruit is not, and JM is claimed to be a primatologist.
"Frequently" turns out to be a self-serving distortion, apparently for the sake of his pre-conceived and false conclusion, and for a "primatologist", it must be intentional. Chimp hunting and flesh-eating is rare, ~1.4% of their diet, not practiced among all adults, as would be required by a true nutritional need, and is clearly cultural, since flesh is used to gain sexual favors --humorously-similar to human dating.
Evidence of Humans as Omnivores
Archeological Record
JM> As far back as it can be traced, clearly the archeological record indicates an omnivorous diet for humans that included meat. Our ancestry is among the hunter/gatherers from the beginning.
More muddled "thinking". The "archeological record" so referenced is purely self- selecting, thus misleading, since that "evidence" is only produced by cultural processes, which include tool- marked bones and evidence of fire. The true frugivorous, natural, non- tool-using, human would leave NO evidence at all, since all food wastes would be composted into oblivion. Tools produce enduring evidence, raw-food eating humans do not; however, that certainly does not mean they did not exist. They exist today, and produce no long-term "archeological evidence" of their diet in the local ecosystems.
Whoops -- once culture is in play, its effects can not be used to assess the natural human. Anthro-apologists like to ignore this critical fact, thus reducing their verbal output to mere exercises in creative writing, certainly not real science.
JM> Cell Types
Relative number and distribution of cell types, as well as structural specializations, are more important than overall length of the intestine to determining a typical diet. Dogs are typical carnivores, but their intestinal characteristics have more in common with omnivores. Wolves eat quite a lot of plant material.
Totally irrelevant to humans. But, mindless insertion of irrelevancies that sound correct is a common ploy of anthro-apologists in order to created the illusion of scientific credibility.
JM> Fermenting Vats
Nearly all plant eaters have fermenting vats (enlarged chambers where foods sits and microbes attack it). Ruminants like cattle and deer have forward sacs
derived from remodeled esophagus and stomach. Horses, rhinos, and colobine monkeys have posterior, hindgut sacs. Humans have no such specializations.
Again, factual but totally irrelevant to humans, or the "omnivore" issue; this applies to herbivores, not frugivorous humans.
JM> Jaws
Although evidence on the structure and function of human hands and jaws, behavior, and evolutionary history also either support an omnivorous diet or
fail to support strict vegetarianism, the best evidence comes from our teeth. The short canines in humans are a functional consequence of the enlarged cranium
and associated reduction of the size of the jaws. In primates, canines function as both defense weapons and visual threat devices. Interestingly, the primates
with the largest canines (gorillas and gelada baboons) both have basically vegetarian diets.
Love that self- contradiction.
Yes, archaeology is confused and mistaken.
JM> Salivary Glands
These indicate we could be omnivores. Saliva and urine data vary, depending on diet, not taxonomic group.
"Could"? Where is the evidence? Without evidence, "could" and "could not" are identical.
JM> Intestines
Intestinal absorption is a surface area, not linear problem. Dogs (which are carnivores) have intestinal specializations more characteristic of omnivores than carnivores such as cats. The relative number of crypts and cell types is a better indication of diet than simple length. We are intermediate between the two groups.
More irrelevancies and errors to obfuscate the issue. The surface area of a cylinder IS linearly proportional to the length. We are "intermediate" between a carnivore and another carnivore, so what does that mean?
Conclusion (false)
JM> Humans are classic examples of omnivores in all relevant anatomical traits.
This is a blatant lie. JM has presented no anatomical definition, or even an attempt to generate a rigorous, testable, anatomical definition of "omnivore"; this is not possible, since the anatomies of various natural omnivores is so diverse that no coherent patterns can be found.
The "vegetarian diet" is generally cooked, is centered on grains and beans, and may include dairy and eggs; this was not a discussion of a "vegetarian diet". Another irrelevant dodge and intentional obfuscation.
The "ethical" argument is totally bogus, since there is no objective set of ethics to which one can compare to determine what is more, or less, "ethical" than what. That is, individuals just make up their own ethical standards to suit their purposes of the moment. Hitler did what he did, based on his own personal set of ethics; so does JM.
[Dr. McArdle is a vegetarian and currently Scientific Advisor to The American Anti-Vivisection Society. He is an anatomist and a primatologist.]
Clearly unqualified and hopelessly-confused on very fundamental facts and real science. And he has a PhD; that's frightening. Worse, look at some more of his hysterically-emotional nonsense.
The Vegetarian Resource Group, P.O. Box 1463, Dept. IN Baltimore, MD 21203 (410) 366-VEGE
Sad, really sad. And these people are supposed to be "vegetarian" authorities?
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#223. To: RickyJ (#221)
I'm sorry to hear of your delusional state. Hope you get help.
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#224. To: FormerLurker (#219)
Can't you understand that evolution is but a tiny piece of that Creation, and that Creation itself goes well beyond that?
#225. To: RickyJ (#221)
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#226. To: RickyJ (#224)
If believing in God required believing in macro evolution then I would be an atheist.
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#227. To: FormerLurker (#215)
Oh and BTW, that link you posted does NOT dispute any of the physiological evidence that I mentioned, it simply beats down straw men.
Meet the new boss, same as the old boss — The Who
#228. To: farmfriend (#227)
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#229. To: FormerLurker (#219)
I never said that God did not create all that exists
#230. To: farmfriend (#227)
Here's something from a real MD.
Milton R. Mills, M.D. | A better and more objective technique...
SummaryFacial Muscles Carnivore Reduced to allow wide mouth gape Herbivore Well-developed Omnivore Reduced Human Well-developed Jaw Type Carnivore Angle not expanded Herbivore Expanded angle Omnivore Angle not expanded Human Expanded angle Jaw Joint Location Carnivore On same plane as molar teeth Herbivore Above the plane of the molars Omnivore On same plane as molar teeth Human Above the plane of the molars Jaw Motion Carnivore Shearing; minimal side-to-side motion Herbivore No shear; good side-to-side, front-to- back Omnivore Shearing; minimal side-to-side Human No shear; good side-to-side, front-to- back Major Jaw Muscles Carnivore Temporalis Herbivore Masseter and pterygoids Omnivore Temporalis Human Masseter and pterygoids Mouth Opening vs. Head Size Carnivore Large Herbivore Small Omnivore Large Human Small Teeth (Incisors) Carnivore Short and pointed Herbivore Broad, flattened and spade shaped Omnivore Short and pointed Human Broad, flattened and spade shaped Teeth (Canines) Carnivore Long, sharp and curved Herbivore Dull and short or long (for defense), or none Omnivore Long, sharp and curved Human Short and blunted Teeth (Molars) Carnivore Sharp, jagged and blade shaped Herbivore Flattened with cusps vs complex surface Omnivore Sharp blades and/or flattened Human Flattened with nodular cusps Chewing Carnivore None; swallows food whole Herbivore Extensive chewing necessary Omnivore Swallows food whole and/or simple crushing Human Extensive chewing necessary Saliva Carnivore No digestive enzymes Herbivore Carbohydrate digesting enzymes Omnivore No digestive enzymes Human Carbohydrate digesting enzymes Stomach Type Carnivore Simple Herbivore Simple or multiple chambers Omnivore Simple Human Simple Stomach Acidity Carnivore Less than or equal to pH 1 with food in stomach Herbivore pH 4 to 5 with food in stomach Omnivore Less than or equal to pH 1 with food in stomach Human pH 4 to 5 with food in stomach Stomach Capacity Carnivore 60% to 70% of total volume of digestive tract Herbivore Less than 30% of total volume of digestive tract Omnivore 60% to 70% of total volume of digestive tract Human 21% to 27% of total volume of digestive tract Length of Small Intestine Carnivore 3 to 6 times body length Herbivore 10 to more than 12 times body length Omnivore 4 to 6 times body length Human 10 to 11 times body length Colon Carnivore Simple, short and smooth Herbivore Long, complex; may be sacculated Omnivore Simple, short and smooth Human Long, sacculated Liver Carnivore Can detoxify vitamin A Herbivore Cannot detoxify vitamin A Omnivore Can detoxify vitamin A Human Cannot detoxify vitamin A Kidney Carnivore Extremely concentrated urine Herbivore Moderately concentrated urine Omnivore Extremely concentrated urine Human Moderately concentrated urine Nails Carnivore Sharp claws Herbivore Flattened nails or blunt hooves Omnivore Sharp claws Human Flattened nails
"The real deal is this: the ‘royalty’ controlling the court, the ones with the power, the ones with the ability to make a difference, with the ability to change our course, the ones who will live in infamy if we pass the tipping points, are the captains of industry, CEOs in fossil fuel companies such as EXXON/Mobil, automobile manufacturers, utilities, all of the leaders who have placed short-term profit above the fate of the planet and the well-being of our children." - James Hansen
#231. To: FormerLurker (#226)
If believing in God required believing in macro evolution then I would be an atheist.
.
.
.