Hans-Hermann Hoppe has argued that monarchies take a longer-term view of their national economies and therefore are more likely to pursue more stable and secure economies. That is, among monarchs, the desire to maximize wealth promotes more farsightedness than exists in democratic regimes. Due to the lower time preference of monarchs, they are less likely to succumb to the whims of economic populism.
Hoppe outlines this argument in a 1995 article:
A private government owner will predictably try to maximize his total wealth, i.e., the present value of his estate and his current income…. Accordingly, a private government owner will want to avoid exploiting his subjects so heavily, for instance, as to reduce his future earnings potential to such an extent that the present value of his estate actually falls. Instead, in order to preserve or possibly even enhance the value of his personal property, he will systematically restrain himself in his exploitation policies. For the lower the degree of exploitation, the more productive the subject population will be; and the more productive the population, the higher will be the value of the ruler’s parasitic monopoly of expropriation.
A Comparative Analysis
Quite interesting is that research confirms the assumption of Hoppe. According to Mauro Guillen monarchies are more effective than democratic republics at protecting property rights primarily because of their long- term focus. “Monarchies tend to be dynasties, and therefore have a long- term focus,” Guillen says. “If you focus on the long run, you are bound to be more protective of property rights…. You’re more likely to put term limits on politicians that want to abuse their powers.”
Similarly, Guillen in his study points out that monarchies can curtail the negative consequences of internal conflict on property rights:
For instance, the case of Spain has received considerable scholarly attention in terms of both the continuities in the process of transition to democracy during the late 1970s, and the sequencing of political and economic reforms with the crown playing a key role…. The continuity of monarchy in Spain was a major factor in preserving property rights during the political transition. In Portugal, by contrast, a comparable country that made the transition from dictatorship to democracy at roughly the same time but had become a republic back in 1910, nationalized 244 banks and large enterprises during its transition to democracy.
Moreover, Christian Bjørnskov and Peter Kurrild-Klitgaard in their publication “Economic Growth and Institution Reform in Modern Monarchies and Republics: A Historical Cross-Country Perspective, 1820–2000,” present fascinating information: “While large-scale political reforms are typically associated with short term growth declines, reflecting what has become known as the “valley of tears,” the data indicate that this valley does not appear in monarchies. In fact, if anything it has the opposite effect.”
Moreover, the rating agency Standard and Poor’s asserts that monarchies have stronger credit scores and impressive balance sheets relative to republics. Credit analyst Joydeep Mukherji submits that there is no difference between constitutional and absolute monarchies in the assessment of their debt risk. “However, absolute monarchies score higher than constitutional monarchies in external risk and fiscal risk, largely reflecting the strong general government balance sheets and high external asset positions,” he noted.
Like Gullien, Victor Menaldo in “The Middle East and North Africa’s resilient monarchs” posits that monarchies are linked to respect for the rule of law, protection of property rights, and economic growth. As Menaldo shows, the predictability of the political culture embedded by monarchies positively affects the decision to invest: “Given the emergence of a stable political culture … elites and citizens will be encouraged to protect their planning horizons due to longer executive tenures and an institutional succession process. Both elites and citizens will be more likely to make the investments in physical and human capital that encourage capital accumulation and increases in productivity.”
Another argument in favor of monarchies is their relative intolerance for wars, since involvement in warfare has the potential to eviscerate wealth. Though comparing political systems based on the likelihood to wage war is rare, one study written by leading political scientists intuits that premodern monarchies were less likely to fight wars:
There seems ample empirical support for our conjecture that monarchies were less conflict-prone in the pre-modern era. This contradicts the usual impression offered by mythic and historical accounts of kings who make war as a matter of occupation. When Charles Tilly declared that “states make wars and wars make the states”, he was doubtless thinking of kings as instigators. And it is true that the great monarchies (England, France, Spain) had considerably more wars to their credit than their smaller republican neighbors. However, we have seen that this is a product of grandeur rather than truculence. Small monarchies were more peaceful than similarly sized republics.
Suggesting that monarchies display superior characteristics relative to democratic republics does not mean that we should return to the past. However, one cannot criticize monarchy without understanding its strengths and limitations. In much of the world today, there’s a built- in prejudice against monarchies, but the evidence suggests that monarchies—especially small ones—are more peaceful, stable, and protective of private property than their republican neighbors.
#1: NeoconsNailed To: Ada (#0)
Their national brains are no longer their own. They get taken over by a parasitic species that reorients the entire organism to its own selfish, rapacious, nutrient-hijacking, host-destroying purposes. Yeah, it's really that bad and that simple.
www.usmessageboard.com/at...jews-you-lose- jpg.286523/
NeoconsNailed posted on 2021-04-24 12:25:59 Reply Private Reply
#2: Ada To: NeoconsNailed (#1)
Consider Sparta and Athens where the approval of the two Spartan kings was required to go to war and was rarely given. The Athenian democracy which declared war much more easily.
Ada posted on 2021-04-24 13:26:41 Reply Private Reply
#3: Lod To: Ada (#0)
Lod posted on 2021-04-24 14:18:57 Reply Private Reply
#4: Cynicom To: Lod (#3)
Cynicom posted on 2021-04-24 15:05:52 Reply Private Reply
#5: Ada To: Lod (#3)
Ada posted on 2021-04-24 15:38:13 Reply Private Reply
#6: NeoconsNailed To: Ada (#2)
NeoconsNailed posted on 2021-04-24 17:12:49 Reply Private Reply
#7: Ada To: NeoconsNailed (#6)
Ada posted on 2021-04-24 18:54:22 Reply Private Reply
#8: NeoconsNailed To: Ada (#7)
NeoconsNailed posted on 2021-04-24 18:56:02 Reply Private Reply
#9: Lod To: Cynicom, Ada, NN, SG, renegades, 4um (#4)
when it comes to heroes, renegades are mine
Lod posted on 2021-04-25 11:01:09 Reply Private Reply
#10: noone222 To: Lod (#3)
I agree, until an organized military effort confronts it. I am in favor of anarchy with some ability to withstand attacks that would surely attempt to take it over.
noone222 posted on 2021-04-25 11:09:56 Reply Private Reply
#11: Lod To: noone222 (#10)
“A democracy cannot exist as a permanent form of government. It can only exist until the voters discover that they can vote themselves largesse from the public treasury. From that moment on, the majority always votes for the candidates promising the most benefits from the public treasury with the result that a democracy always collapses over loose fiscal policy, always followed by a dictatorship. The average age of the world's greatest civilizations has been 200 years. These nations have progressed through this sequence: From bondage to spiritual faith; From spiritual faith to great courage; From courage to liberty; From liberty to abundance; From abundance to selfishness; From selfishness to apathy; From apathy to dependence; From dependence back into bondage.”
upload.wikimedia.org/wiki...g/1200px-Tytler_cycle.png
Lod posted on 2021-04-25 11:49:01 Reply Private Reply
#12: noone222 To: Lod (#11)
noone222 posted on 2021-04-25 16:31:02 Reply Private Reply
#13: Lod To: noone222 (#12)
Pogo nailed it.
Lod posted on 2021-04-25 22:40:33 Reply Private Reply
#14: NeoconsNailed To: Lod (#9)
NeoconsNailed posted on 2021-04-25 23:37:57 Reply Private Reply
#15: noone222 To: Lod (#13)
The current conditions suggest that you are right. I don't think it's because we haven't tried to wake up the neighborhood because many of us have been warning others for a very long time.
I don't think even those of us that have been more aware of the problems knew just how bad things were in D.C.
noone222 posted on 2021-04-26 08:57:58 Reply Private Reply
#16: Lod To: noone222 (#15)
And neither did Mr. Trump.
Big Pharma, High Tech, the Media, and on and on seem to be actively and agressively aligned against the country that we once knew.
Lod posted on 2021-04-26 09:17:44 Reply Private Reply
#17: noone222 To: Lod (#16)
The "Q" scenario is taking far more time than most "Q" adherents thought it would require and at this point it's hard to believe anything is actually in play to remove the coup party.
noone222 posted on 2021-04-26 09:43:42 Reply Private Reply
#18: Cynicom To: noone222 (#17)
Most of my life that faith in Americans was set in concrete.
It is no longer a certainty.
This past election, with or without fraud, shows far too many...white Christian Americans... are ignorant stupid and gullible.
I still fault Trump for not cleaning house.
Cynicom posted on 2021-04-26 10:54:34 Reply Private Reply
#19: noone222 To: Cynicom (#18)
ditto !
noone222 posted on 2021-04-26 11:02:35 Reply Private Reply
#20: Cynicom To: noone222 (#19)
For four long years we heard nothing but, the swamp would be drained, people would go to jail....
That was nothing but horseshit.
Not ONE person was ever brought up on charges, not one. Four long years, the swamp is deeper and growing in size every day. TRUMP DID NOT DELIVER.
Godless communism has us by the throat and waiting four more years will be fatal.
Cynicom posted on 2021-04-26 11:51:49 Reply Private Reply
#21: noone222 To: Cynicom (#20)
noone222 posted on 2021-04-26 18:52:09 Reply Private Reply
#22: NeoconsNailed To: noone222 (#17)
NeoconsNailed posted on 2021-04-26 19:23:10 Reply Private Reply